1: Zeno of Citium[9] 2: Epicurus 3: Federico II of Mantua? 4: Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius or Anaximander or Empedocles? 5: Averroes 6: Pythagoras 7: Alcibiades or Alexander the Great? 8: Antisthenes or Xenophon? 9: Hypatia (Francesco Maria della Rovere or Raphael's mistress Margherita) 10: Aeschines or Xenophon? 11: Parmenides? 12: Socrates 13: Heraclitus (Michelangelo) 14: Plato holding the Timaeus 15: Aristotle holding the Ethics 16: Diogenes of Sinope? 17: Plotinus? 18: Euclid or Archimedes with students (Bramante)? 19: Strabo or Zoroaster? (Baldassare Castiglione or Pietro Bembo) 20: Ptolemy? R: Apelles (Raphael) 21: Protogenes (Il Sodoma, Perugino or Timoteo Viti)[10]This is one of Raphael's most famous paintings. I always thought it was the one of the two Cheribums! This fresco is found in the Apostolic Palace at the Vatican. The two center philosophers carrying their books are none other than Plato holding the Timaeus and Aristotle holding the Ethics. Also in this painting you can find Pythagoras, Raphael, and Heraclitus with the features of Michelangelo!
The setting
The building is in the shape of a Greek cross, which some have suggested was intended to show a harmony between pagan philosophy and Christian theology.
The architecture of the building was inspired by the work of Bramante, who, according to Vasari, helped Raphael with the architecture in the picture.[1] Some have suggested that the building itself was intended to be an advance view of St. Peter's Basilica.[1]
There are two sculptures in the background. The one on the left is the god Apollo, god of the Sun, archery and music, holding a lyre.[1] The sculpture on the right is Athena, goddess of wisdom, in her Roman guise as Minerva.
Raphael was the youngest of the Italian Renaissance Painters. Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo were an inspiration to Raphael.
I am fascinated by them all!
Blessings~
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